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    Crystallization of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro

    Peter Marples, Lizbé Koekemoer, Charlie Tomlinson, Daren Fearon, blake.h.balcomb

    Published: 2024-04-26 DOI: 10.17504/protocols.io.kqdg326y7v25/v1
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    The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.

    Acknowledgements:

    Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK

    Research Complex at Harwell, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0FA, UK

    Oxford Lab Technologies crystal shifter http://doi.org/10.1107/S2059798320014114

    Abstract

    The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need to identify novel therapeutic interventions and strategies for pandemic preparedness against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This protocol outlines the crystallization protocol and buffer conditions used to obtain reproducible SARS-CoV-2 Mpro crystals suitable for XChem fragment screening.

    Steps

    Equipment needed

    1.

    Formulatrix Rock Imager (or incubator of choice)

    SPT mosquito

    Equipment

    ValueLabel
    Mosquito HVNAME
    High Volume 16-Channel Robotic Liquid HandlerTYPE
    SPT LabTechBRAND
    3097-01057SKU

    P100 8 multi-channel pipette

    SwissCI 3 lens plate

    Crystallization experiment

    2.

    Prepare seed stock: seed stock:

    Diamond XChem Seeding Protocol1: 250 dilution Sample seeds

    3.

    Protein and buffer requirements:

    43.2µL``5mg/mL Sample

    1.92mL

    14.4µL Sample seeds, dilution 1:250

    4.

    Crystallisation screen composition:

    0.1Molarity (M) MES 6.7

    11% PEG 4000

    5% DMSO

    Stock solutions used:

    1Molarity (M) MES adjusted to 6.7 with HCl

    50% w/v PEG 4000

    99.9% DMSO

    Note
    The crystallisation screen can be stored in a duran bottle or aliquoted into 96 deep well block for easy dispensing into SwissCI 3 lens plates. For long term storage keep the Crystallisation screen in the fridge at 4°C.

    5.

    Dispense 20µL into SwissCI 3 lens plate reservoir wells using a 100 µl multi-channel pipette.

    Dispense 150``5mg/mL Sample to each lens using the SPT mosquito.

    Dispense 150 to each lens using the SPT mosquito.

    Dispense 50 to each lens using the SPT mosquito.

    Drop ratio: 3:3:1 ratio (150 nl Sample : 150 nl reservoir solution: 50 nl seeds)

    Final drop volume: 350 nl

    6.

    Incubate at 20°C for 24h 0m 0s in Formulatrix Rock Imager.

    Imaging Schedule : The first images are taken after 12 h and the imaging schedule follows a Fibonacci sequence of days for further collections.

    7.

    Crystal form after ~24 h.

    Citation
    The crystals reach their maximum size after 48 h.Crystals typically form either as stacked playes or in small clusters containng 4-6 crystals. Morphology: plates.Size: ~100 μm in length and ~20 μm in width, depth of the crystals is ~10 μmAppearance : glass shard.Average resolution: 1.8 ÅSpace group: P212121Unit cell: 67 Å, 99 Å, 102 Å 90.00°, 90.00°, 90.00°
    An example of a drop containing SARS-CoV-2 Mpro protease crystals.
    An example of a drop containing SARS-CoV-2 Mpro protease crystals.

    Data collection at Synchrotron

    8.

    Diamond Light Source

    Unattended Data Collection (UDC)

    Data Collection Temperature: 100K

    Detector: DECTRIS EIGER2 X 9M

    Beamline: I04-1

    Wavelength: 0.9212 Å

    Resolution (Å): 1.78

    Beam Size (μm): 60 X 50

    Number of images: 3600

    Oscillation: 0.10°

    Exposure (s): 0.0020

    Transmission (%): 100

    Flux (ph/s): 9.50e+11

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